About Eye Conditions & Eye Surgery Vision Correction Procedures
Laser vision correction has successfully corrected the vision of over 6 million people. Individuals who suffer from myopia (nearsightedness) with or without astigmatism or hyperopia (farsightedness) with or without astigmatism can choose laser vision correction as an alternative to contact lenses or eyeglasses.
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Nearsightedness occurs when the eye’s front surface, the cornea, is excessively curved, and/or when the eyeball is too long. This causes light to focus in front of the retina, resulting in blurry distance vision. The excimer laser beam is used to flatten the front of the cornea, removing small amounts of tissue from the front of the eye. | see an example |
Farsightedness occurs when the cornea is too flat in relation to the length of the eye. This causes light to focus at a point beyond the retina, resulting in blurry close vision and sometimes blurry distance vision too. For farsightedness, the excimer laser beam is used to steepen the front of the cornea. To do this, the laser beam removes small amounts of tissue from a ring-shaped area around the center of the cornea. | see an example |
Astigmatism in an eye is usually caused by the shape of the cornea assuming that of a spoon, where the curvature in one direction is different than the curvature in the other direction. Light rays entering the cornea are, therefore, bent unequally preventing the formation of a sharp focus point on the retina. Astigmatism can occur with nearsightedness or with farsightedness or by itself. Astigmatism produces a decrease in vision without glasses. In order to correct astigmatism with glasses or contact lenses a similar “spoon shape” is created in the eyeglasses or in the contact lens. Such contact lenses are called toric contact lenses. Astigmatism can now be treated with the excimer laser in conjunction with nearsightedness and farsightedness in a similar fashion.
The excimer laser produces a “cool” light beam that does not damage surrounding tissue. High energy photons from the laser break the molecular bonds a few layers at a time.
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